Calculating Planetary Energy Balance & Temperature

“Why is Earth's temperature so much warmer than our calculations predicted"?
Certain gases in the atmosphere trap some extra heat, warming our planet like a blanket. This extra warming is called the greenhouse effect. Without it, our planet would be a frozen ball of ice. Thanks to the natural greenhouse effect, Earth is comfortable place for life as we know it. However, too much of a good thing can cause problems. In recent decades, a rise in the amount of greenhouse gases has begun to warm Earth a bit too much.
https://web.archive.org/web/20210605120431/https://scied.ucar.edu/earth-system/planetary-energy-balance-temperature-calculate
https://news.climate.columbia.edu/2021/02/25/carbon-dioxide-cause-global-warming/